Parts Of Distribution Transformer And Their Functions
Transformers are commonly used power equipment in power systems, mainly used for changing voltage or adjusting voltage magnitude. It is composed of the main magnetic circuit, winding, cooling system, mechanical support, control circuit, etc. Next, we will provide a detailed summary of the structure of the transformer and the functions of each component.
1.Main Magnetic Circuit Part
The main magnetic circuit of a transformer consists of an iron core, magnetic circuit board, interlayer, etc. Its main function is to generate a magnetic field to achieve the rise and fall of voltage and the transmission of electrical energy.
1. Iron core: The transformer iron core is composed of high-grade silicon steel sheets, and its main function is to increase the magnetic flux density of the transformer, reduce magnetic and iron losses, and achieve the goal of increasing energy efficiency.
2. Magnetic circuit board: It forms the magnetic circuit of the transformer together with the iron core to prevent magnetic flux leakage. By adjusting the length of the magnetic circuit board, different levels of transformers can be achieved.
3. Interlayer: The interlayer can ensure the overall structural stability of the transformer while preventing friction between the iron core and the winding, avoiding noise and vibration from the transformer.
2. Winding
The winding is one of the important components of a transformer, and its main function is to increase or decrease the original voltage to adapt to different application scenarios, while also playing a role in the transmission of transformer current.
1. Primary winding: The primary winding, also known as the high-voltage winding, is the "gateway" of the input power to the transformer. Its main function is to receive power current and transfer it to the secondary side through the common magnetic circuit of the transformer.
2. Secondary winding: The secondary winding, also known as the low-voltage winding, is an important source of output current. It receives the current transmitted from the primary winding and outputs the transformed current for user use.
3. Neutral point: Some transformers require the use of a three-phase four wire power supply on the secondary side, which requires grounding of the neutral point to eliminate the effects of inductive and capacitive coupling.
3. Cooling System
During the long-term stable operation of transformers, the accumulation of heat can affect their operational efficiency and lifespan. Therefore, the cooling system has become an indispensable part of transformers.
1. Oil tank: The oil tank is the main cooling component of a transformer, which not only serves to store transformer oil, but also can regulate the temperature of the oil in the form of air or water.
2. Radiator: The radiator mainly cools the transformer by forcing it to increase the heat dissipation area, in order to effectively solve the cooling problem of the transformer.
3. Thermometers and protective devices: Thermometers are mainly used to record the operating temperature of transformers. By observing and analyzing this data, abnormal temperature conditions of transformers can be detected in a timely manner and repaired.
4. Mechanical Support
Transformers are relatively heavy, so mechanical support is also needed to ensure their stability and avoid external interference.
1. Oil pump: The oil pump circulates the oil of the transformer through a certain working principle, playing a role in the stable operation of the transformer and protecting the winding.
2. Transformer base: The transformer base is mainly used to support the transformer itself and maintain the structural stability of the transformer to ensure stable operation.
5. Control Circuit
The control circuit is a management system for transformers, mainly used to measure the input and output voltage of transformers and control their transformation ratio.
1. Induction voltage meter: The induction voltage meter can detect the AC voltage on the secondary side of the transformer and provide feedback to the circuit system, timely detecting abnormal voltage situations in the transformer.
2. Control Transformer: The control transformer can adjust the output voltage of the transformer to achieve the best current conversion effect.
3. Protection relay: The protection relay can automatically protect the transformer in the event of a fault or overload, preventing further damage to the transformer from continuing to operate.
